During and following the pandemic, increased attention was placed on the nursing profession. While the world can agree they deserved to be paid well and respected, there remains high burnout in the field—which in part has led to a shortage of nurses in many communities.

For those who are eager to take on the challenging—yet rewarding—field of nursing, obtaining a master’s in nursing or nurse practitioning can be one way to stick out from the pack, especially if you are eager to work at one of the nation’s best hospitals. But before you get started, you are probably wondering: how much in salary can you earn as a nurse? Here’s everything you need to know.

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How much do nurses make?

The median salary of a registered nurse is about $86,070, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. One’s exact pay may depend on a variety of factors, including setting, experience level, and education. For example, those pursuing a nurse licensure via a bachelor’s degree may be initially paid greater than those who seek it through an associate’s or diploma program.

Nurse anesthetists, midwives, and practitioners experience much higher salaries—earning about $129,480. These roles are also seeing much higher demand. While registered nurses are estimated to grow by a rate of 6% over the next decade, anesthetists, midwives, and practitioners are expected to grow by 38%. The latter, though, does require much more education—with a master’s degree required.

For comparison, the average salary of a tech worker is about $111,193, according to Dice.

Nursing salaries by industry

Nurses tend to make the most money working in government or hospital settings, according to data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor. Those employed within educational services or care facilities tend to make the least; while lower than the median of a typical nurse, the pay is still above the national median of all occupations.

Nurse salary by state

Registered nurses have the highest salaries in California, Hawaii, and Oregon, whereas they earn the least in Alabama, South Dakota, and Mississippi.

In eight states—California, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington, Alaska, New York, Connecticut, and New Jersey as well as the District of Columbia, the median salary for a nurse is over $100k. However, they make less than $75,000 in six states: Alabama, South Dakota, Mississippi, Iowa, Arkansas, and North Dakota.

As you analyze the salaries of nurses, it is important to keep in mind that how much a dollar will buy you can differ drastically in various states. In New England and on the west coast, the cost of living is much more expensive, and thus, salaries may be higher to compensate.

The table below includes a ranking of the states where registered nurses experience the highest salaries on average. The cost of living (COL) index for each state, as seen below, is calculated by the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center (MERIC), which averages indexes from metro areas and cities, and incorporates costs for groceries, housing, utilities, and transportation. The baseline for the U.S. as a whole is 100, so those above it experience high cost of living, those below it are lower.

Here are the states where registered nurses make the most, in descending order:

Rank	Location	Avg. nurse salary	Cost of living
1	California	$133,990	145.0
2	Hawaii	$129,210	186.2
3	Oregon	$110,940	114.1
4	Washington	$107,720	115.1
5	Alaska	$106,410	125.1
6	District of Columbia	$105,220	144.6
7	New York	$104,570	123.1
8	Connecticut	$100,620	113.2
9	New Jersey	$100,160	113.7
10	Massachusetts	$99,830	144.3
11	Minnesota	$97,300	94.8
12	Nevada	$96,210	102.7
13	Rhode Island	$94,840	113.4
14	Delaware	$93,200	100.9
15	Maryland	$89,340	116.2
16	Arizona	$88,310	110.5
17	Colorado	$86,900	101.8
18	New Hampshire	$86,620	113.6
19	Texas	$85,110	92.4
20	Virginia	$84,100	101.3
21	New Mexico	$83,970	93.6
22	Georgia	$83,620	91.3
23	Wisconsin	$83,300	97.0
24	Pennsylvania	$82,780	95.6
25	Illinois	$82,470	93.3
26	Vermont	$81,900	114.7
27	Michigan	$81,710	91.8
28	Maine	$81,610	113.3
29	Florida	$80,960	103.1
30	Idaho	$80,130	101.1
31	Wyoming	$79,970	95.1
32	Ohio	$79,940	94.0
33	Utah	$79,790	102.9
34	North Carolina	$79,580	98.5
35	Montana	$79,170	94.6
36	Oklahoma	$78,760	86.4
37	West Virginia	$78,730	83.8
38	Indiana	$78,530	90.3
39	South Carolina	$78,380	97.6
40	Nebraska	$78,100	93.4
41	Kentucky	$77,830	92.7
42	Missouri	$77,190	88.5
43	Louisiana	$76,650	92.1
44	Tennessee	$76,200	90.3
45	Kansas	$75,780	87.3
46	North Dakota	$74,930	92.8
47	Arkansas	$72,920	88.5
48	Iowa	$71,570	90.1
49	Mississippi	$69,370	88.3
50	South Dakota	$67,030	93.4
51	Alabama	$65,900	88.1

Nurse salaries across all 50 states + D.C.
1
California
$133,990
145.0
2
Hawaii
$129,210
186.2
3
Oregon
$110,940
114.1
4
Washington
$107,720
115.1
5
Alaska
$106,410
125.1
6
District of Columbia
$105,220
144.6
7
New York
$104,570
123.1
8
Connecticut
$100,620
113.2
9
New Jersey
$100,160
113.7
10
Massachusetts
$99,830
144.3
11
Minnesota
$97,300
94.8
12
Nevada
$96,210
102.7
13
Rhode Island
$94,840
113.4
14
Delaware
$93,200
100.9
15
Maryland
$89,340
116.2
16
Arizona
$88,310
110.5
17
Colorado
$86,900
101.8
18
New Hampshire
$86,620
113.6
19
Texas
$85,110
92.4
20
Virginia
$84,100
101.3
21
New Mexico
$83,970
93.6
22
Georgia
$83,620
91.3
23
Wisconsin
$83,300
97.0
24
Pennsylvania
$82,780
95.6
25
Illinois
$82,470
93.3
26
Vermont
$81,900
114.7
27
Michigan
$81,710
91.8
28
Maine
$81,610
113.3
29
Florida
$80,960
103.1
30
Idaho
$80,130
101.1
31
Wyoming
$79,970
95.1
32
Ohio
$79,940
94.0
33
Utah
$79,790
102.9
34
North Carolina
$79,580
98.5
35
Montana
$79,170
94.6
36
Oklahoma
$78,760
86.4
37
West Virginia
$78,730
83.8
38
Indiana
$78,530
90.3
39
South Carolina
$78,380
97.6
40
Nebraska
$78,100
93.4
41
Kentucky
$77,830
92.7
42
Missouri
$77,190
88.5
43
Louisiana
$76,650
92.1
44
Tennessee
$76,200
90.3
45
Kansas
$75,780
87.3
46
North Dakota
$74,930
92.8
47
Arkansas
$72,920
88.5
48
Iowa
$71,570
90.1
49
Mississippi
$69,370
88.3
50
South Dakota
$67,030
93.4
51
Alabama
$65,900
88.1

One of the most striking parts of this data is the scale. Nurses in California make just over double those than live in Alabama.

Factors affecting nurse salary—and how you can make more

Talking about salary isn’t an easy subject, but according to Kent Plunkett, founder and CEO of Salary.com, pay transparency isn’t necessarily about knowing what your peers make. Instead, he says, it’s about whether your company is willing to have an open conversation since so many factors can play in decisions.

“You can’t know what all those factors are—you don’t really know performance of your peers, you don’t really know where they rate on all their skills, knowledge and attitudes and need for a job,” he adds.

Role and intensity

Even though a lot of the data behind nursing salaries is analyzed across the board, not all nursing jobs are the same, and resultantly, neither are the salaries. For example, the median salary of a school nurse is closer to $56,000, according to Salary.com data, whereas an operating room nurse makes around $87,000.

A nurse in more intensive roles, such as in the room during a major surgery or in the emergency room, tend to make higher salaries as compared to those in more subdue environments like a school or office building (not to say that those jobs are not important). Lead or charge nurses also tend to make much more than a staff nurse due to increased responsibilities like organizing beds and assigning tasks.

Location

To no surprise, nurses tend to make more money in states where the cost of living is higher—such as on the west coast and New England. However in communities with dire nursing shortages, individuals may also experience substantial recruitment pay bumps or bonuses as an incentive.

For those who are feeling adventurous or need a brief change of serenity, travel nurse contacts are also a great way to not only obtain a unique experience but also to possibly earn a higher salary and bonus.

The takeaway

Becoming a nurse is not for the faint of heart. While there is a variety of paths a nurse can take in their career, caring for human lives is still at the center of it all. The salary of registered nurses, while not as high as say, a field in the tech world, it can still be quite rewarding financially—especially if you take advantage of incentives like bonuses or even upskill to a nurse anesthetist of practitioner.

Based on the data, nurses in states like Minnesota or Texas may end up with the most spending cash due to a lower cost of living and higher than average salary. On the other hand, those in states like Utah, Florida, and Maine may not reap the same benefits due lower than average pay in areas with high cost of living.

Frequently asked questions

How much are nurses paid in Texas?

Registered nurses in Texas earn annual wages of about $85,110, according to data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. That number is on par with the national average, though those working in the large metropolitan areas like Houston or Dallas may experience higher salaries due to increased cost of living.

What is the highest paid nursing job?

Nurses with specialized training and are equipped to work in critical parts of a hospital, such as an operating room, are the ones who will experience the highest pay. However, landing these roles takes time due to increased pressure for experience and educational know-how.

Do nurses get paid well in NYC?

Registered nurses get paid median salaries of about $108,540 in the New York City metropolitan area, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor. That’s slightly higher than the average of all nurses in New York state as well as New Jersey.

Check out all of Fortune’s rankings of degree programs, and learn more about specific career paths.